African Scholastics Journal
You, I and the Internet - Part 5 - Translation -
Home
PURPOSE OF THIS SITE -
Bubbly brown joy - poetry -
Changes Needed for Regulation of Banks - Translation -
Sweden Ought to Take the Lead in Changing Financial Regulations - Trnsl. -
You, I and the Internet - Part 1 - Translation of Swedish DN article -
You, I and the Internet - Part 2 - Translation of Swedish DN Article -
About the Internet - Part 3 - Translation -
You, I and the Internet - Part 4 - Translation -
You, I and the Internet - Part 5 - Translation -
You, I and the Internet - Part 6 - Translation -
GREGORIAN CHANT - poetry
Pass the coffee mug, a pot of tea... poetry
The Forsaken Wife - short story -
Clarity - Streets of Glasgow - poetry
Coming Alive - poetry
An unforced moment - poetry
Just Before Dawn - poetry
Land - poetry
Time for Composing - poetry
Bitter longing - poetry
Vitality in Nation Development - Social Philosophy -
DARFUR, SOUTH OF KHARTOUM - CITY OF HOPE Social Philosophy
School Kitchen - Catering for School Children in Developing Countries -
Ionized Loch
Magnus Sjölander - A Swede -
Prayer Time
Bali in Afterthought - poetry
Walls - poetry
In these dark woods - a short story
A Trip to the Hospital
Peace be perfect still poetry
When you are blessed - poetry
Heaven's torch - poetry
Wisdom's lessons - poetry
Gift of life - poetry
Master of eternity - poetry
Covenant of grace - poetry
Man ought to praise his maker - poetry
Lift high his glorious praise - poetry
True source - poetry
Straws in fast flowing streams - poetry
All things - poetry
Lost and wondering - poetry
Glow - poetry
Healing waters - poetry
Light in his wings - poetry
You who are richly blessed - poetry
Harvest - poetry
Seeds - poetry
Key - poetry
Appointed Time - poetry
Immeasurable - poetry
When you play - poetry -
A Promise Fulfilled - poetry
We who fear the Lord - poetry
Eternal Lord - poetry
Our Great God of Wonders - poetry
Man is favoured - poetry
Hearts filled with thanksgiving - poetry
Glorious presence - poetry
He spoke wisdom - poetry
Open, let light shine forth! - poetry
The Call - poetry
His Presence - poetry
Willing Hearts - poetry
Perfection of joy realised - poetry
My Spirit Rejoices in God - poetry
Grace - poetry
Grace and Restoration - poetry
My Heart is Lifted Up - poetry
Glorious presence - poetry
First Light - poetry
Be Magnified, O Jehovah - poetry
Sovereign - poetry
Moment of Life - poetry
Luminescence - poetry
The Praise of Wisdom - poetry
In Songs of Sweet Accord - poetry
Creation´s Joy - poetry
My Sou Praises the Lord - poetry
The Singer - poetry -
Prayer - poetry -
Letter to a Friend -poetry
Some Songs - poetry
From the Book of the Secrets of Enoch
Jesus Christ Price of Salvation - poetry
Keta Reveries - Short Story
Loneliness - poetry
Silent Hearts - poetry
Gave You All - poetry -
A Summer Cloudburst - poetry
Achieving - poetry
Africa on my mind -poetry
Arid Bitterness - poetry
Coffee Room - poetry
I Got Life - essay
Beyond the Blue Horizons - poetry
Te Deum - poetry
When the first poets...
Serengeti - poetry
Nordic Dreamscapes - Poetry
By the Lakeside - Nordic Idyll - Poetry
The Tree Outside my Window - poetry
Hallemah's Eyes - poetry
A Spirit From Afar - poetry
Soul in Transition - poetry
grace of a woman - poetry
Fresh Air - poetry
The Most Feared Drug - Article
What's Your Story - poetry
Brazier - poetry
Silent Landscapes - poetry
Limbo - poetry
The Inner Journey Outward Bound - poetry
In Search of Life - poetry
Prayer for Relief - poetry
Reach Out and Touch - poetry
Break Down These Walls - poetry
love Disintegrates - poetry
Edge of Reason - poetry
A Late Summer Afternoon - Oklahoma reveries
End of Day - poetry
The Sundance Radiance - poetry
There is a Place - poetry
What's Your Story? - poetry
What Light? - poetic essay
Fire dance - poetry
Futility - poetry
A diamond ring - reflections
The Express Crawler - a short story
Gift of Destiny - poetry for my daughter -
Grey sheets - "poetry psychological"
A life of their own - "poetry psychological"
On Your 50 th Birthday - poetry
Susan Taylor: Light of our thoughts - poetry
Hiding in the open - poetry
Dripping Anguish - poetry
Route 66 - poetry
Morning Jazz - poetry
My Bubble Burst - poetry
Ode redeemed loneliness - poetry
Radiance - poetry
Generation - poetry
Blacksmith - poetry
Silent Streets - poetry
Dance of time - poetry
Collegiate Session - poetry
RESUME - Frederick Kwesi Great Agboletey
Kicking Stones - A short story
God's will and Free will - Essay
Train's Gone - poetry
Primal on the Wasteland - poetry
Scream - poetry
Morning Drizzle - poetry
Silent Streets - poetry
A Lamp - poetry
saddest thing - poetry
In His Knowingness - poetry
Song of Gratitude - poetry
Songs of Thanksgiving - poetry
Restoration - poetry
Unending Love - poetry
An unforced moment - poetry
Strange, you mentioned that... - poetry
Why men ought to be thankful - a short story -
Coming Alive - poetry
Simon Armitage's - Top Tips For Poetry Readers -
A Summer Afternoon - James Whitcomb Riley - Other Poets -
The Rainy Morning - James Whitcomb Riley - Other Poets -
Favourite Poems - 1 - Library by Albert Goldbarth
Favourite Poems - 2 - Other Libraries
Favourite poem - 3 - I know why the caged bird sings - Maya Angelou & Sympathy, P. Lawrence Dunbar
Favourite Poems - 4 - Tintern Abbey by William Wordsworth
Favourite Poem - 5 - Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley
Favourite Poems 6 - Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard - by Thomas Gray
Favourite Poems 7 - The Second Coming - by W.B. Yeats
Favourite Poems 8 - The Waste Land - by T.S. Eliot
Favourite Poems 9 - Strange Fruit - Sung by Billie Holiday -
Favourite Poem - 10 - Still I Rise by Maya Angelou
Pablo Neruda - Ode To Conger Chowder - favourite poems 11
Favourite Poem 12 - Midnight - JOHN MACKAY WILSON
Read Me - Poetry -
Khyber Pass - poetry -

The social philosophy of the IT Bubble Burst -

Frederick Kwesi Great Agboletey

Glasgow, Scotland

You, I and the Internet – Part 5 – Translation from Swedish DN Article

The IT Bubble – A Capitalist Culture Revolution – Published 2009-07-24 07:00

Picture – Scanpix Johan Stael Von Holstein at the time a 35 year old who established the webb bureau Icon Medialab, one of Sweden’s  most successful new IT companies of 1999.

The IT bubble burst during the 2000s. At the same time the bubble was one gigantic marketing psychology gone wrong and a counter revolution with a permanent impression on the days debate.

 

 

That 17 of March in spring 2000 when the Swedish founder of IT company Boo.com requested liquidation. After he had spent the equivalent of one billion Swedish kronors to set up a clothing business online (which barely functioned because the home page was technology wise far too advanced) had financiers had enough.

Boo.com was one of many companies which were a part of the IT giddiness that would later be referred to as the IT Bubble. And the collapse was the first and biggest and usually is the reference point indicated as the beginning of the end.

Soon before the well known bankruptcy had Nasdaq the so called composite index – an index that comprises all shares and securities of the technology heavy Nasdaq Exchange in New York – reached all time high. Between October 1998 and March 2000 the Nasdaq Exchange rose an inconceivable 240 percent.

When the bubble finally burst it blew with clearance. Two and a half years after the top the composite index had returned to the level as it was in 1996. Hundreds of companies had gone into bankruptcy and thousands of small savers saw the value of their share portfolios eliminated.

Swedish companies such as Medialab, Framfab, DoBeDo and even Ericsson were deeply involved in what many afterwards claimed was a classic market economy bubble. A situation where speculators pumped up the value assets without any underlying value and risk capitalist threw money at companies that had no record of profitability.

Around the millennium change I worked at a web bureau in London that had an enormous office in a loft between City and the club quarters in the Shoreditch area. The reception was an airplanes wing size, says Karl Palmås, Doctor of Sociology and researcher with Chalmers technical College.

 

We expected to know what should have happened but in reality our clients knew more than us. All the same we were happy to go along with it and had a great office, he continues.

But ought we brush away the IT bubble as nothing more than a failed marketing psychology – an IT variation of the Swedish property bubble at the beginning of the 1990s – Ivar Kreugers match stick empire or the tulip mania i Holland in the 1600s?

Barely ten years after the bubble burst it, it is clearer than ever that the internet is not a fly. Google translates to 150 billion kronors, Facebook has a quarter billion users and we have a Swedish Pirate Party in the EU parliament.

Karl Palmås holds to the thesis that the years around 1990 were actually the young generations counterpart to the 1940s student revolt in 1968. The years around the IT giddiness are according to Palmås a cultural revolution that in many ways set the ground rules for the IT debate we now live through.

-          In the aftermath of the bubbles burst, there were many who found amusing what had happened. Many hold the opinion that the IT companies predictions about future developments was nonsense, says Karl Palmås.

-          But around 2005 were existing infrastructure and the technical solutions available which proved itself to be excellent. Those who made little of the bubble appear not to take notice that all one refers about 1999 had actually occurred, he continues.

Many of the technical solutions that made the internet as it is today were actually established during the intensive years leading to the end of the 1990s. Google was established in 1998, RSS-technology (the foundation for the day’s bloggers) was developed in 1999 by the company Netscape and the file distribution program Napster was released in 1999.

But the change was not all about technology, rather even about a way of perceiving the world means Karl Palmås.

Since the industrial revolution have we seen our social system as a motor. However at the end of the 1990s were bombarded with messages about computers, networks and the internet. This made it possible to begin to perceive the world in another way. Man begins using concepts such as hacking and operating systems in constructs that had nothing to with computers, he says.

This cultural revolution implies that a form of hacker ethics has spread through society. Palmås argue that the so called do it yourself trend bottoms out in a geeky show about the fact that one builds one own solutions and modify established systems.

Nowadays it is trendy to fix an apartment by oneself, bakes one’s own bread and sew one’s cloth. Art critics talk now about hacking as our era’s artistic ideal and activists talk about programming of the capitalist system. And it (is in rhythm) holds together with those ideas spread in relation to the IT bubble.

During the IT giddiness the thesis was spread that the established large companies would need to watch out, when the public come together and the individual is smarter and more effective than the traditional hierarchy.

This pattern of thinking created the basis for establishing the contradiction between the blogosphere and the traditional media, says Karl Palmås.

Interesting enough was the capitalist system that financed and supported the spread of the performances that were revealed during the IT giddiness. Never before have we lived through such a massing of capital towards a singular purpose in so short a time. And even if the bubble burst, its  imprint is permanent.

Sven Grundberg

sven.grundberg@dn.se

 

 

Du, jag och internet

It-bubblan – en kapitalistisk kulturrevolution

Publicerat 2009-07-24 07:00

http://www.dn.se/img/dn/icons/btn-prev.gifhttp://www.dn.se/img/dn/icons/btn-next.gif

Bild 2 av 2

http://www.dn.se/polopoly_fs/1.917524%21image/3033557458.jpg_gen/derivatives/article-landscape/3033557458.jpg

Framfab gjorde en förlust på nästan två miljarder första kvartalet 2001. Bilden: Jonas Birgersson svarar på frågor, medan VD Johan Wall och Johan Haeggman lysnar.

http://www.dn.se/polopoly_fs/1.917521%21image/864547598.jpg_gen/derivatives/article-landscape/864547598.jpg

Scanpix Johan Staël von Holstein, då 35 år, grundade webb-byrån Icon medialab, ett av Sveriges mest framgångsrika nya IT-företag 1999.

It-bubblan sprack under tidigt 2000-tal. På en och samma gång var bubblan ett gigantiskt marknadspsykologiskt misslyckande och en kulturrevolution med ett bestående avtryck i dagens debatt.

Skriv ut Tipsa   Textstorlek

Externa länkar

Radiodokumentär: IT-bubblan (P3 Dokumentär)

Bok: Abstract Hactivism, Otto von Busch och Karl Palmås.

Blogg: 99, our 68 (Karl Palmås)

Arkiverad version av Boo.com:s hemsida.

 Du, jag och internet

 

Den 17 maj våren 2000 begärdes det svenskgrundade it-bolaget Boo.com i likvidation. Efter att ha spenderat närmare en miljard kronor på att bygga en klädaffär på nätet (som knappt fungerade eftersom hemsidan var för tekniskt avancerad) hade finansiärerna fått nog.

Boo.com var ett av många bolag som var del av den it-yra som senare skulle gå under namnet it-bubblan. Och konkursen var en av de första och största och brukar allmänt ses som början på slutet.

Strax innan den omtalade konkursen hade Nasdaqs så kallade kompositindex – ett index som innefattar alla aktier och värdepapper på den tekniktunga Nasdaqbörsen i New York – nått all time high. Mellan oktober 1998 och mars 2000 steg Nasdaqbörsen med ofattbara 240 procent.

När bubblan slutligen sprack gjorde den det med besked. Två och ett halvt år efter toppen var kompositindexet på Nasdaqsbörsen tillbaka på samma nivå som 1996. Hundratals företag hade gått i konkurs och tusentals småsparare såg värdet på sina aktieportföljer utraderade.

Svenska företag, som Icon Medialab, Framfab, DoBeDo och även Ericsson var djupt indragna i vad många i efterhand har hävdat var en klassisk marknadsekonomisk bubbla. En härva där spekulanter pumpade upp värdet på tillgångar utan något underliggande värde och riskkapitalister kastade pengar på företag som aldrig hade uppvisat någon lönsamhet.

– Runt millennieskiftet jobbade jag på en webbyrå i London, som hade ett jättehäftigt kontor i ett loft mellan City och klubbkvarteren i stadsdelen Shoreditch. Receptionen var en flygplansvinge, berättar Karl Palmås, doktor i sociologi och forskare vid Chalmers tekniska högskola.

– Vi förväntades veta vad som skulle hända, men egentligen visste våra kunder ofta mer än oss. Fast vi var roliga att gå ut med och hade ett häftigt kontor, fortsätter han.

Men går det att avfärda it-bubblan som inget mer än ett marknadspsykologiskt misslyckande – en it-variant av den svenska fastighetsbubblan i början av 1990-talet, Ivar Kreugers tändsticksimperium eller tulpanmanin i Holland på 1600-talet?

För snart tio år efter att bubblan sprack är det mer tydligt än någonsin att internet inte är en fluga. Google omsätter 150 miljarder kronor, Facbook har en kvarts miljard användare och vi har ett svenskt piratparti i EU-parlamentet.

Karl Palmås driver aktivt tesen att åren kring 1999 faktiskt är den unga generationens motsvarighet till 40-talisternas studentrevolt 1968. Åren kring it-yran var enligt Palmås en kulturell revolution som på många sätt lade grunden till den it-debatt vi nu genomlever.

– Under baksmällan efter bubblan, var det många som gjorde sig lustiga över vad som hade hänt. Många menade it-företagens spådomar om den framtida utvecklingen var strunt, säger Karl Palmås.

– Men kring 2005 fanns infrastrukturen och de tekniska lösningarna på plats och visade sig fungera alldeles utmärkt. Alla de som först dissade bubblan verkade då inte notera att allt det man pratade om 1999 faktiskt hade hänt, fortsätter han.

Många av de tekniska lösningarna som medfört att internet ser ut som det gör idag, etablerades faktiskt under de intensiva åren i slutet av 90-talet. Google etablerades 1998, RSS-teknologin (det som utgör fundamentet för dagens bloggar) utvecklades 1999 av företaget Netscape och fildelningsprogrammet Napster släpptes 1999.

Men förändringen handlade inte bara om teknik, utan även om ett sätt att se på världen, menar Karl Palmås.

– Sedan den industriella revolutionen har vi sett på samhällssystemet som en motor. Men i slutet på 1990-talet blev vi bombarderade av budskap om datorer, nätverk och internet. Det gjorde att vi började se världen på ett annat sätt. Man började använda begrepp som hacking och operativsystem i sammanhang som inte har med datorer att göra, säger han.

Denna kulturella revolution innebar att en form av hacker-etik spred sig i samhället. Palmås hävdar att den såkallade do-it-yourself-trenden bottnar i en nördig föreställning om att man kan bygga egna lösningar och modifiera etablerade system.

– Numera är det trendigt att fixa lägenheten själv, baka eget bröd och sy egna kläder. Konstkritiker pratar nu om hackern som vår tids konstnärsideal och aktivister pratar om att programmera om det kapitalistiska operativsystemet. Och det hänger samman med de idéer som spreds i samband med it-bubblan.

Under it-yran spreds även tesen att de etablerade storföretagen skulle behöva se upp, när allmänheten gaddar ihop sig och gemensamt blir smartare och mer effektiva än de traditionella hierarkierna.

– Den tanken utgör grunden till det som nu utgör motsättningen mellan bloggosfären och de traditionella medierna, säger Karl Palmås.

Intressant nog var det ett kapitalistiskt system som finansierade och stod bakom spridningen av de föreställningar som uppkom under it-yran. Aldrig tidigare har vi upplevt en så stor ansamling kapital som har riktats mot ett enskilt ändamål under en så kort tid. Och även om bubblan sprack, är avtrycket bestående.

Sven Grundberg

sven.grundberg@dn.se

 

 

Enter supporting content here